MassTox® Drugs of Abuse Testing in Whole Blood

Introduction

11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC
2C-B
2C-I
2-Oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD
3-Hydroxybromazepam
6-Monoacetylmorphine
7-Aminoclonazepam
7-Aminoflunitrazepam
7-Aminonitrazepam
Acetylcodeine
Allobarbital
Alprazolam
Amobarbital
Amphetamine
Barbital
BDB
Benzoylecgonine
Bromazepam
Brotizolam
Buprenorphine
Butalbital
Butylone
Cathinone
Chlordiazepoxide
Clobazam
Clonazepam
Cocaethylene

Cocaine
Codeine
Demoxepam
Desalkylflurazepam
Desmethylflunitrazepam
Diazepam
Dihydrocodeine
EDDP
Estazolam
Fentanyl
Flunitrazepam
Flurazepam
Gabapentin
Hexobarbital
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Ketamine
Lorazepam
Lormetazepam
LSD
MBDB
MDA
MDEA
MDMA
MDPV
Meconin
Medazepam

Meperidine
Mephedrone
Mescaline
Methadone
Methamphetamine
Methaqualone
Methylone
Methylphenidate
Midazolam
Morphine
Naloxone
Naltrexone
Nitrazepam
Norbuprenorphine
Norclobazam
Norcocaine
Norcodeine
Nordiazepam
Norfentanyl
Norketamine
Normeperidine
Nortapentadol
Nortilidine
O-desmethyltramadol
Oxazepam
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone

apaverine
PCP
Pentobarbital
Phenobarbital
PMA
Prazepam
Pregabalin
Promethazine
Propoxyphene
Quetiapine
Ritalinic acid
Secbutabarbital
Secobarbital
Sufentanil
Tapentadol
Temazepam
Thebaine
Thiopental
Tilidine
Tramadol
Triazolam
Zaleplon
Zolpidem
Zopiclone
α-Hydroxyalprazolam
α-Hydroxymidazolam
α-Hydroxytriazolam

Material & Methods

Sample Preparation

Prior to sample preparation, the Internal Standard Solution is prepared by mixing the Internal Standard Mix (order no. 63004) and the Extraction Reagent (Order No. 63005) in an appropriate ratio of 1:9. 

For sample preparation, 100 μl of Internal Standard Solution is pipetted into a 1.5 mL reaction vial. Subsequently, 20 μl of sample/calibrator/MassCheck® control is added and vortexed for 5 seconds, followed by centrifugation for 10 minutes at 15,000 g. The resulting supernatant is transferred into an autosampler vial.

LC-MS/MS

Injection volume of 1–20 µl is used. Chromatographic separation is performed on an Analytical Column (order no. 63100) at a column temperature of 40 °C. The analytes are separated under isocratic conditions at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min using Mobile Phase (order no. 63001).

Electrospray ionization in negative ion mode is used. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions used for quantification are listed in Table 1.

A full calibration of the analysis system for each series of measurements is performed with 6PLUS1® multi level calibrator (order no. 63039). Calibration curves are constructed by calculating the analyte to internal standard (ISTD) peak area ratio on the y axis against calibrator concentrations on the x axis. Then a calibration curve is plotted for both PEth homolouges using linear regression and 1/x weighting.

Table 1: Multiple reaction monitoring transitions of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2, together with their respective internal standards

Table 2: Interpretation of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 values

Results

The run time is 3.5 min (see chromatogram in fig. 1). The calibration range of 10-1000 ng/mL covers the forensic and clinical relevant concentrations (table 2).

Conclusion

This product insight describes a protocol for the determination of PEth 16:0/18:1 and PEth 16:0/18:2 in whole blood using Chromsystems components. Suitable products for implementation in your laboratory will soon be available from Chromsystems.

Outlook

Further research will focus on developing a reliable protocol for automated sample preparation using 96-well plates and liquid handling systems.

Fig. 1: Chromatogram of phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 at a concentration of 300 ng/mL each, with their respective internal standards

Fig. 2: Chemical structure of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2

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